Correction of the Inverted Nipple | Dr. Daniel Gould

Dr. Daniel Gould co-authored this book chapter with W. Grant Stevens in Nipple-Areolar Complex Reconstruction, examining an integrated surgical approach to the correction of inverted nipples. 

Nipple inversion is relatively common and may be congenital or develop later in life. Beyond its effect on breast appearance, inversion can create functional concerns, particularly with breastfeeding, making preservation of the underlying anatomy an important consideration during surgical correction.

The chapter describes an approach designed to restore nipple projection while minimizing disruption to the lactiferous ducts. The technique uses careful dissection and tissue release parallel to the ducts, with selective division reserved for structures that continue to restrict nipple projection. 

Traction stenting is also incorporated to help maintain nipple eversion and protect the repair during healing. By limiting unnecessary ductal disruption, the technique is intended to provide durable correction while preserving the potential for future breastfeeding whenever possible. 

The authors report a recurrence rate of 12.6% with their approach and describe the technique as an effective and safe option for treating inverted nipples.